theon design_theon design Targ

theon design_theon design Targa

       在接下来的时间里，我将为大家提供一些关于theon design的信息，并尽力回答大家的问题。让我们开始探讨一下theon design的话题吧。

1.theon design

2.The Meaning of Design 设计的含义

3.design用法后be用什么形式

4.design是及物动词

theon design

       设计对于我来说是一件有意义的工作。

       the design is a significant job for me.

       首先，设计源于生活，我热爱生活。

       first, desings originate from life.i love life

       生活中的万物种类繁多，千奇百怪，但是最终目的只有一个，为人而用，服务于生活，

       there are varieties of things in our lives,with all kinds of strange shapes.but,the final destination is only one.that is,it should be used by people and be worked for lives.

       我想通过自己的努力设计为生活添色彩，让更多人热爱生活、懂得生活.

       i want to add colours to lives by my perfect designs so that more people will love their lives and learn how to live.

       其次，设计是创新，与众不同，我们的优点是站在了巨人的肩膀上，但缺点就是过于依靠巨人了，

       designs need Bring forth new ideas ,it should out of common.

       our advantage is that we stand on the shoulder of giants,while the disadvantage is that we rely on them.

       当看到made in china 时甚是气愤，是我们不能设计吗？我相信可以。

       when we see the words "made in china",we feel heart-struck .does it mean that we couldn't desingn ? i don't think so.

       最后，发扬中国传统、民族的文化，随着中国与世界的融入，接触了大量西方文化，中国自己的文化似乎被遗忘，

       china 's culture seems to have been forgotten with the blending of china and the world and the contacts of western culture.

       当我看到中国元素被发现在巴黎的时装秀台上时，感到脸红，为什么我们自己的东西要先被别人运用，我觉得我们在遗忘自己，到最后是否会不认识自己了。

       we feel ashamed when the features were found on the fashion show stages in paris.why,our own things were used by others first ?

       i think we are forgetting ourselves.at last,we even can't realize ourselves.

       虽然，感触蛮多的，但是凭我一个人的力量是无力的，希望有一大批人努力赂这些目标前进。

       although i wrote much,it is useless only by my own power.i hope more and more people can attack the problems.

       很小的时候就开始喜欢画画，顺理成章的大学就考了艺术的专业，为什么要选择环境艺术设计，最初是源于好奇吧！那时只是认为设计似乎是一种在美术基础之上的东西，在此再增添上自己的想法，应该是一件很有意思的事，经过一段时间的学习发现设计是一门很麻烦的学科，但是能够亲手用线条，用自己的理念来勾画出一个空间的框架，是个有趣的过程。

       很庆幸我选择了设计这个专业，设计源于生活，最终还原于生活，这让我有机会，有动力去更深入地认识生活，从中也获益良多，设计归根是一项艺术工作，艺术之上的创造，而不是制造，总之我很享受这个创造的过程。

       从小酷爱绘画的我在上大学时由于各种原因选择了英语专业，但追求艺术创作的我并没有放弃对绘画的热爱，大学时加入了外国语学院学生会，并担任学生会宣传部部长一职，在学生会期间一直从事着海报和宣传板的制作，在为院系宣传的同时也进一步锻炼了自己的绘画基本功。毕业之后的工作去向一直是困扰我的一个难题，因为本身并不喜欢英语，但受专业限制又无法被与绘画有关的工作单位所认可。此时，万得给了我一个施展自己才华的机会，让我在非专业的情况下从事设计工作，这让我很意外也很欣喜，这对我来说是一个很好的锻炼和提高自己的机会，并能让我将绘画进行到底。

       设计是一种创造艺术创造美的职业，设计是个很个性化的行业，谁都不能过没有设计的生活，设计需要激情，设计面前我们始终保持兴奋的状态，同时要求我们自己具有超前的意识。同时，设计也是个被动的行业，做设计也不是个很容易的事，自己设计的产品，不能脱离市场，为企业创造效益。

       从事设计这些年，自己个人感觉无论从审美还是设计产品都有不同程度的提高，设计这门职业其实是一门海纳百川的职业，设计出一个好的产品，我们要懂得人文，地理，摄影，油画等等，不管如何这些课程不同层次的加强了个人的设计能力和审美能力。潜移默化的塑造了个人的性格。因此，设计是一种职业，更为了使提高自己。

The Meaning of Design 设计的含义

       OVERVIEW

        Today’s industries cannot survive worldwide competition unless they introduce new products with better quality（quality，Q），at lower cost（cost，C），and with shorter lead time（delivery，D）．Accordingly，they have tried to use the computer’s huge memory capacity，fast processing speed，and user-friendly interactive graphics capabilities to automate and tie together otherwise cumbersome and separate engineering or production tasks，thus reducing the time and cost of product development and production[1]．Computer-aided design（CAD），computer-aided manufacturing（CAM），and computer-aided engineering（CAE）are the technologies used for this purpose during the product cycle．Thus，to understand the role of CAD，CAM，and CAE，we need to examine the various activities and functions that must be accomplished in the design and manufacture of a product．These activities and functions are referred to as the product cycle．The product cycle described by Zeid（1991）is presented here with minor modifications，as shown in Fig. 10-1．

       As indicated by the boxes bounded by solid lines in Fig. 10-1，the product cycle is composed of two main processes：the design process and the manufacturing process．The design process starts from customers’demands that are identified by marketing personnel and ends with a complete description of the product，usually in the form of a drawing．The manufacturing process starts from the design specifications and ends with shipping of the actual products．

        The activities involved in the design process can be classified largely as two types：synthesis and analysis．As illustrated in Fig. 10-1，the initial design activities（such as identification of the design need，formulation of design specifications，feasibility study with collecting relevant design information，and design conceptualization）are part of the synthesis subprocess．That is，the result of the synthesis subprocess is a conceptual design of the prospective product in the form of a sketch or a layout drawing that shows the relationships among the various product components[2]．The major financial commitments needed to realize the product idea are made and the functionality of the product is determined during this phase of the cycle．Most of the information generated and handled in the synthesis subprocess is qualitative and consequently is hard to capture in a computer system．

        Once the conceptual design has been developed，the analysis subprocess begins with analysis and optimization of the design．An analysis model is derived first because the analysis subprocess is applied to the model rather than the design itself．Despite the rapid growth in the power and availability of computers in engineering，the abstraction of analysis model will still be with us for the foreseeable future．The analysis model is obtained by removing from the design unnecessary details，reducing dimensions，and recognizing and employing symmetry．Dimensional reduction，for example，implies that a thin sheet of material is represented by an equivalent surface with a thickness attribute or that a long slender region is represented by a line having cross-sectional properties．Bodies with symmetries in their geometry and loading are usually analyzed by considering a portion of the model．In fact，you have already practiced this abstraction process naturally when you analyzed a structure in an elementary mechanics class．

        Once a design has been completed，after optimization or some tradeoff decisions，the design evaluation phase begins．Prototypes may be built for this purpose．The new technology called rapid prototyping is becoming popular for constructing prototypes．This technology enables the construction of a prototype by deposition layers from the bottom to the top．Thus it enables the construction of the prototype directly from its design because it requires basically the cross-sectional data of the product．If the design evaluation on the prototype indicates that the design is unsatisfactory，the process described is repeated with a new design．

        When the outcome of the design evaluation is satisfactory，the design documentation is prepared．This includes the preparation of drawings，reports，and bills of materials．Conventionally，blueprints are made from the drawings and passed on to manufacturing．

        As illustrated in Fig. 10-1，the manufacturing process begins with process planning，using the drawings from the design process，and it ends with the actual products．The outcome of process planning is a production plan，a materials order，and machine programming．Other special requirements，such as design of jigs and fixtures，are also handled at this stage．The relationship of process planning to the manufacturing process is analogous to that of synthesis to the design process：It involves considerable human experience and qualitative decisions．This description implies that it would be difficult to computerize process planning．Once process planning has been completed，the actual product is produced and inspected against quality requirements．Parts that

        pass the quality control inspection are assembled，functionally tested，packaged，labeled，and shipped to customers．

        NOTES：

        [1]本句主要结构是They have tried to use... to automate... and tie...，其中to use有3个并列宾语；separate此处为形容词，义“分开的”、“独立的”等。

        [2]in the form of a sketch or a layout drawing以草图或布局图的形式；that shows...定语从句，修饰 sketch or a layout drawing。

        KEYWORDS

        CAD（computer-aided design） 计算机辅助设计

        CAM（computer-aided manufacturing） 计算机辅助制造

        CAE（computer-aided engineering） 计算机辅助工程

        product cycle 产品周期

        prototype 原型

        feasibility 可行性

        qualitative 定性的

        symmetry 对称，匀称

        cross-sectional property 截面性质

        翻译：

        除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。因此，他们都试图用计算机的巨大存储能力、快速处理速度及用户友好的交互图形能力，来自动完成并紧密联系其他繁重的和单独的工程或生产任务，从而减少产品开发和生产的时间和成本。计算机辅助设计（CAD）、计算机辅助制造（CAM）和计算机辅助工程（CAE）正是生产周期中为此目的而采用的技术。因此，为了了解CAD、CAM和CAE所扮演的角色，需要了解在一个产品设计和生产过程中必须完成的各项活动和功能。这些活动和功能被称之为产品周期。对Zeid（1991）所描述的产品周期稍加改动后如图10-l所示。

        正如图10-1的实线框所示，产品周期由两个主要过程组成：设计过程和制造过程。设计过程始于由市场人员认定的用户需求，止于对产品的完整描述，通常用图形来表现。制造过程则始于设计的规格说明，止于产品发运。

        设计过程所涉及的活动大体上分为两类综合和分析。如图10-1所示，原始设计活动，如设计需求的认定，设计规格说明的规划，根据收集的相关设计信息进行可行性研究以及设计概念化等，都属综合子过程部分；即综合子过程的结果是各个产品部件间的关系以草图或布局图的形式来表示的所期望产品的概念设计。用于实现该产品理念的主要财政承诺和产品功能都在产品周期的这一阶段确定。在综合子过程中产生和处理的大多数信息是定性的，因此在计算机系统中很难得到。

        一旦概念设计形成，分析子过程就开始对设计进行分析和优化。首先要导出一个分析模型，因为分析子过程适用于该模型而非设计本身。尽管在工程上，计算机的能力和可用性迅速提高，但对分析模型的抽象依然会在可预见的未来仍有待人去完成。分析模型可从设计中去除不必要的细节，缩小尺寸和识别并使用对称性。例如：尺寸缩小表示一张薄的材料由具有厚度属性的等效曲面来代表，或一个细长区域由具有截面特性的线段来表示。在几何和负荷上具有对称性的物体通常用模型的某一部分进行分析。实际上，在初等机械课程上对一个结构进行分析时，早就实践过这种自然的抽象过程。

        一旦设计完成，在经过优化或一些权衡制定之后，就开始了设计评价阶段。为此目的可进行原型制作。一种用于构建原型称之为原型速成的新技术现已非常普及。这种技术可通过从底到顶层层地构建原型，由于它可以根据设计直接构建原型，因此它只需要产品的截面数据即可。如果在原型上的设计评价表明这种设计不尽人意，那么，就以新的设计重复进行上述过程。

        当设计评价结果令人满意时，就准备设计文档。设计文档包括图纸、报告和材料清单的准备。按常规，应将设计图纸制成蓝图交送制造部门。

        如图10-1所示，制造过程根据设计过程的图纸始于工艺计划，止于实际的产品。工艺计划的结果就是生产计划、材料订单和加工程序。其他诸如设计钻模和夹具这样的特殊要求都在这一阶段进行处理。工艺计划与制造过程的关系就如同综合与设计过程的关系：它涉及到许多经验和定性的判断，这表示很难对工艺计划进行计算机化。一旦工艺计划结束，便开始生产实际产品并根据质量要求进行检查。对通过质量检查的零件进行组装、功能测试、包装、贴标签并发运给客户。

design用法后be用什么形式

       What ?is Design ? 什么是设计

        Every company, every team, has their own understanding of what design is and what the role of designs should be.?

        每个公司，每个团队对什么是设计以及设计应该扮演什么角色都有他们自己的理解。

        Within the user experience field, there are so many specializations within design roles —interaction designer, visual designer, information architect, motion designer, prototype—and these roles can have overlaps with other domains such as marketing, architecture, industrial design, or even sound design.

        在用户体验领域里，有很多专业化的设计角色——交互设计师、视觉设计师、信息架构师、动效设计师、原型师——这些角色可能会和其他领域有部分交叉，像市场营销、建筑、工业设计甚至是语音设计。

        To add to the confusion, no matter what the mix of roles on a team, UX as a discipline itself can be at varying levels of maturity within organizations.

        让人感动更加困惑的是，无论团队中的角色如何配置，用户体验(UX)作为一门学科本身在组织内可能处于不同的成熟度水平。

        Some teams might be playing more of a service role and fighting for a seat at the strategy table. On the other hand, some companies might haveChief Design Officers and deeply embedded design team the contribute at the highest levels of business and product strategy.

        一方面，一些团队可能更多的是扮演服务角色并在战略上争夺一席之地。另一方面，有些公司可能会安排首席设计师深入设计团队，为公司最高层面的业务和产品战略作出贡献。

        The understanding of what design is, can really vary across companies, organizations, and teams.

        对于什么是设计的理解，在公司、组织和团队之间确实存在差异。

        The Evolution of Design 设计的演变

        In spite of the varying interpretation of design roles, ?we have universally seen a gradual maturing of the UX field over the years. At ?the industry level, the understanding of design and what designers do has evolved.

        尽管对设计角色的解释各有不同，我们有个普遍的认知就是这些年来在用户体验领域不断变得成熟，行业里对设计的理解和设计的工作内容已经发生了变化。

        Design is no longer seen as just crafting UI elements or even product experiences. There is a broader understanding in the industry that design can influence the experience a user has with all of a company’s touchpoint .Ultimately, all these touchpoint and product experience culminate? in the overarching perception of a company’s brand—and design impacts all of this.

        设计不再仅仅被视为制作UI元素甚至是产品体验。行业里面广泛的理解是设计能够影响用户跟公司所有接触点的体验。所有这些接触点和产品体验最终都会对公司的品牌和设计产生影响。

        The focus has shifted. We’ve gone from the idea that designers simply create usable components and product designs, to the understanding that their work impact the perception of entire brand and customer experience.

        设计师关注的重点已经转移了。我们已经摆脱了设计师仅仅是创造可用组件和产品设计的这种想法，而是去理解设计的工作会影响整个品牌的感知和客户体验。

        Let’s Talk About Feelings 让我们谈谈感受

        As ?we consider this broader impact of design on a company’s brand, it becomes important to see design as not just about usability, but also ?about feelings. People don’t just want products that work — they want to feel happy while using them.

        当我们考虑设计对公司品牌的广泛影响时，将设计视为不仅仅与可用性相关，也跟感受有关，这一点就变得很重要。人们不仅仅想要产品有用—他们希望在使用产品的时候感受到快乐。

        Delivering delight and pleasure to our customers is critical for user engagement. However, what we are seeing increasing is that customer want more. We are learning that delight alone isn’t enough.

        为客户传递愉悦和快乐对用户参与度来说是至关重要的。然而，我们发现用户想要的在不断增加。我们渐渐意识到仅仅提供愉悦(的体验)是不够的。

        ?Increasingly, people are finding gratification and a sense of purpose through creating connections, memories, and experiences. People are looking deeper for a sense of identity that can’t be derived 获得 得到only from material product purchases.

        人们越来越多的通过创建联系、记忆和体验来找到满足感和目标感。 人们正在寻找不能仅从购买物质产品来获得的更深层次的认同感。

        What is meaning? Meaning is what gives us a sense of importance or worth. It’s very specific to each of us and it helps us interpret? the world and decide how to act. Meaning is what helps us assess and determine what we value, believe, and desire.

        意义是什么？意义是一种给予我们重要性和价值感的东西。它对我们每个人都是特独特的 ?它帮助我们理解世界并决定如何行动。意义帮助我们评估和确定和我们的价值、信念和愿望。

        Designing for Meaning 为意义而设计

        Design is a way for us to deliver deep meaning to our customers through the experience we craft.?Design needs to not only deliver pleasure and delight, but must deliver the deep meaning that we know people are seeking.

        设计对我们来说是一种通过我们所创造的体验向客户传达深刻意义的方式。设计不仅仅需要传递快乐和喜悦，还必须传递人们正在寻找的深层次的意义。

        The bookMaking Meaning is a great reference that contains powerful insights on driving brand and product innovation. It aims to get to the core of how to deliver meaningful experiences. It captures the 15 types of meaningful ?experiences that people most value and is based on extensive research around human needs.

        《建构意义》 是一本很好的参考书，它在品牌驱动力和产品创新方面包含强大的洞见。它目的是了解 如何传递体验的意义的核心。 它体现了15种人们最认为最有价值的有意义的体验，并基于人们的需要进行广泛的研究。

        Here are few examples of how the work my teams have delivered in the past has translated to the concept of designing for meaning.

        这里有几个例子说明我们的团队在过去的工作中如何转化为意义而设计的概念的

        Example1: Remote Collaboration 远程协作

        While working on a past remote collaboration design initiative, our team’s focus was to deeply understand how people work, and how ?they communicate and collaborate with each other remotely. Through our ethnographic research, we found what was really driving people was the desire to do well at work.

        ?当从事过去的远程协作设计计划的时候 ?我们团队的重点是深入了解人们是如何工作和如何进行远程的协作和沟通 的。通过我们人种学研究发现真正驱动人们的是在工作中表现出色的愿望。

        People wanted to appear valuable, they had a deep need to build strong relationships and rapport with others, and they were seeking to create things together . The deeper meaning that our customers were seeking was that ofAccomplishment, Creation, and Community.

        人们希望显得有价值，他们非常需要和其他人建立牢固和融洽的关系，并且他们正在寻找一起创造事物。 我们的客户寻找的更深层次的意义是成就、创造和共享

        Example2: Gaming & Entertainment 游戏和娱乐

        On another past project, our team was seeking to understand the deep meaning that people seek when they immerse themselves in gaming and entertainment contexts.

        在过去的另一个项目中，我们团队试图理解当人们把自己沉浸在游戏和娱乐项目中的时候所寻找的深层次的含义。

        People lean on this type of entertainment to escape from reality and it was our job as gaming and entertainment designers to deliver fun, joy, and enjoyment to our users. The deeper meaning our customers were seeking was a sense of Freedom and Wonder—and a community through which they could experience this with others.

        人们依赖这种类型的娱乐来逃离现实生活并且我们游戏和娱乐设计师的工作就是向用户传递的乐趣、欢乐和享受。我们的客户正在寻找的深层次的含义是一种自由和惊奇的感觉—— 以及一个他们能和其他人一起体验这些的社区

        Meaning is important to Business ?意义对商业是很重要的

        Everything that we design needs to embody the core meaning that users are seeking. Delivering meaning cannot be an afterthought事后考虑. The desire to do so needs to be deeply embedded使嵌入in a company’s culture, its mission使命, ?its strategy战略, and the core values of its employees.员工的核心价值观

        我们设计的一切都需要体现用户所寻求的核心意义。传递意义不能是事后的想法。 这样做的愿望要深深嵌入到公司的文化、使命、战略和员工的核心价值观

        Meaning needs to be part of the core intent of an organization.

        意义需要成为一个组织的核心组成部分

        Designing ?for meaning is not only beneficial for the user, but is also key for business success.Delivering experiences that get to the core of what customers really value means that they will identify more deeply with the brand and form a stronger bond with the company.Brand loyalty? and advocacy will be higher and customers will have deeper engagement with products.?This will in turn lead to higher use and retention. Rather than brief, transactional interactions? with a product or brand, the interactions will be deeper and longer lasting.

        为意义而设计不仅仅对用户有益也是商业成功的关键。提供能接触客户核心价值的体验意味着他们能更深入的认同品牌并且同公司形成更强的纽带。公司品牌忠诚度和用户度将会更高，客户对产品的参与度也会更加深入。作为回报将会带来更高的使用率和留存率。与产品或品牌的短暂交易交互不同，其交互将更深入、更持久。

        Meaning is the guiding and driving force within each of us. It’s what helps us value ourselves, and the products and companies we interact with. Delivering meaning through experiences creates a deep bond with users. It elevates design to a higher ?level of maturity and strategic ?presence . And it helps deliver positive business outcomes.

        意义是我们每个人(内心)的向导和驱动力。它有助于我们重视自己以及与我们交互的公司和产品。通过体验传递意义与用户建立深厚的联系。它将设计提升到更高的成熟度和战略地位。有助于提供积极的业务成果。

        Without ?meaning, we are missing the heart of what user are looking for.

        没有意义 我们会错过用户寻求的核心

        No matter what industry we are in —whether we create products or services, whether we have an enterprise or consumer focus, and no matter what our role is —we have an opportunity to drive successful business results in a way that also impacts people’s lives.

        不管我们从事什么行业——无论我们是创造产品或服务，无论我们是专注于企业还是消费者，不管我们是什么角色——我们有机会以影响人们生活的方式推动成功的商业成果。

        Every touchpoint with the customer becomes an opportunity to bring more meaning to the lives of users. Regardless of whether you are a designer, product manager, marketer, or developer —I ?hope that you will allow your craft and your decisions to be guided by the goal of delivering meaning to others.

        与客户的每一次接触都会成为为用户的生活带来更多意义的机会。不管你是一名设计师、产品经理、营销人员还是开发人员—— 希望你的技能和决策以向他人传递意义为目标导向。

design是及物动词

       design用于现在进行时，也就是用在be动词之后，这时design后面加上-ing，即designing，用现在分词形式。

       现在进行时的基本用法是表现在(即说话人的说话时刻)正在进行的动作，可在now，at present，at this moment，these days等时间状语连用，也可不用时间状语。如：

       What are you doing now, John? 你现在正在干什么呢，约翰?

       Where are you going? 你上哪儿去?

       The telephone is ringing, would you answer it. 电话铃响了，请你接一下，好吗?

       有时现在进行时所表的动作并不一定在说话人的说话时刻进行，而是在包括说话时刻在内的一段时间当中进行。如：

       George is translating a book now. 乔治现在在翻译一本书。

       说话人说这句话时，乔治不一定正在翻译，可能在做别的事。但在包括“说话时刻”在内的一段时间当中，乔治确是在从事翻译。再如：

       —What are you doing? 你在干什么?

       —I’m not doing anything at present. 我现在什么也不干。

       现在进行时有时可用来与过去对比。如：

       He is speaking English much more fluently than he used to. 他的英语讲得比过去流利多了。

       现在进行时表现在时还有以下一些情况。

       1)表重复。少数瞬间动词表不断重复的动作。如：

       The boy is jumping with joy. 那男孩高兴得在跳呢。

       Someone is knocking. 有人敲门。

       除jump，knock外，瞬间动词还有kick，hit，nod，tap，wink，cough，shoot，drop等。主语如为复形名词，某些动词的现在进行时往往有“不断”或“一个接一个”的含义。如：

       Men are dropping with malaria, dysentery and simple starvation. 士兵们由于疟疾、疾病或仅仅因为饥饿一个接一个地倒下了去。

       Ours is an epoch in which heroes are coming forward in multitudes. 我们的时代是一个英雄辈出的时代。

       但有些表示短暂动作的动词的现在进行时则是表动作的开始。如：

       The ambulance is arriving. 救护车就来。

       The sun is setting. 太阳开始落山了。

       有些动词的现在进行时则表动作即将结束。如：

       He is dying. 他奄奄一息了。

       The fruit is ripening. 这果子快熟了。

       2)表目前情况。现在进行时可用来表示一种临时或目前的情况或措施，这是因为现在进行时所延续的时间一般都比较有限的缘故。如：

       We usually have breakfast at 7, but during the holidays we’ve having it at 8. 平常我们是七点吃早餐，但放假期间就改到八点了。

       I’m not sleeping well. I want to take a holiday. 近日我睡觉不好。我想休假。

       3)用于描写。现在进行时常用来描写一种状态，往往显得生动，具有感情色彩。如：

       I am missing you dreadfully. 我非常思念你。

       She is always helping me in the kitchen. 她总是帮我干厨房活。(表表扬)

       Now, that boy is again whistling his infernal melodies. 喏，那小子又打口哨吹起他那些该死的曲儿来了。(表厌恶)

       这种现在进行时由于具有描写性，所以它有时在句中可以和形容词并列。如：

       He is unconscious and groaning. 他失去了知觉。不停地呻吟着。

       4)用于阐释或归纳。现在进行时常用来阐释或归纳前面说的话。这种现在进行时的语气往往较强。如：

       When I say that, I’m thinking of the students. 我这样说是为学生着想。(表原因，解释when I say that)

       He is busy. He is writing a letter. 他有事。他在写信。(描写前句)

       She was silent, she was saying much. 她默不作声，这反而意义深长。(表结果，有归纳或总结之意)

       5)与状语连用。现在进行时除与now，at present等时间状语连用外，还常与only，merely，simply，really，actually，certainly，fast，rapidly，slowly，finally，steadily，constantly，continually，always，for ever，all the time等词语连用。如：

       I am only joking. 我只是开个玩笑。

       John is always coming late. 约翰老是迟到。

       I’m simply loving it here. 我简直爱上了这儿的一切。

       Trade between the two countries is finally beginning to take off. 两国之间终于开始进行贸易了。

       6)用于从句。现在进行时可用于状语、宾语、定语等从句。如：

       We are suffering while they are expanding. 我们受苦，他们却在兴旺发达。(用于时间状语从句)

       If he is doing this, he is doing wrong. 假如他在做此事，那他就做错了。(用于条件状语从句)

       [注]除非是为了表强调和对比，主句与状语从句应避免都使用进行时态。

       You don’t know what you are talking about. 你在说什么，你自己也不知道。(动词know后的宾语从句的谓语动词常用现在进行时)

       They talk and they don’t realize what they’re saying. 他们说话，但他们却不知道自己说些什么。(用于宾语从句，此处的现在进行时are saying，不一定表现在)

       The man who is standing there is my uncle. 站在那里的那个人是我的叔叔。(用于定语从句)

       What’s that you’re holding in your hand? 你手里拿着的是什么?(用于定语从句)

       Sound is produced when the air which is being forced up from the lungs puts the vocal chords into vibration. 从肺部发生的气，震动了声带，即发出声音。(用于定语从句，现在进行时is being forced up从属于现在一般时puts，并不表说话时的现在)

       7)无限动词用于现在进行时。无限动词常用现在一般时表现在，但如为了表现生动，亦可用现在进行时。如：

       There’s a lady in the picture. She’s lying in a couch. 画中有一位贵妇人。她躺在睡椅上。

       What are you waiting for? 你等什么呢?(当代英语在此似乎很少用现在一般时wait)

       8)静态动词用于现在进行时。静态动词常用现在一般时表现在，但也可用现在进行时表临时性、能动性或生动性。如：

       We are having a cold wave these days. 这些天我们正遇上了寒流。(临时性)

       They’re seeing an English film now. 他们正在看一部英语**。(能动性，seeing等于watching)

       How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉如何?(生动亲切)

       “am，is，are+现在分词”亦表临时性。如：

       You are not being polite. 你这可不大客气呀。

       有时则表“有意如此”。如：

       Jeremy was being slow, and I remember wondering why he was being slow. S杰里米有意慢慢腾腾(平时并非如此)，我记得曾对此感到纳闷。

       某些静态动词的现在进行时亦有“开始”的含义。如：

       I’m forgetting my French. 我的法语荒疏了。

       How are you liking Beijing? 你觉得北京如何?(问初步印象)

       有些表心理活动的静态动词的现在进行时可表委婉、客气。如：

       I’m hoping that you will come and have a chat with me. 我倒希望你来聊聊天。　现在进行时除表现在外，还可以表将来。现在进行时表将来时常有“意图”、“安排”(但不是固定不变的)或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。它常表最近或较近的将来。所用动词多是转移动词。如：

       I’m going. 我要走了。

       I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天要走了。

       When are you starting? 你什么时候动身?

       表将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外，亦可用于某些非转移动词。如：

       I’m meeting you after class. 课后我找你。

       What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么?

       She is buying a new bike soon. 她不久将买一辆新自行车。

       但偶尔也表较远的将来。如：

       When I grow up, I’m joining the army. 我长大了要参军。

       表将来的现在进行时有时含有“决心”的意思，多用在否定结构中。如：

       I’m not going. 我不走了。

       I’m not waiting any longer. 我不再等了。

       有时也用在肯定结构中。如：

       I’m backing cut. 我要打退堂鼓了。

       用这种现在进行时与对方讲话时可变成命令，不过语气比较温和。如：

       You’re staying. 你留下吧。

       Don’t forget: you are part too. 不要忘记：你也要参加。

       同现在一般时一样，现在进行时也可在时间、条件或原因状语从句中表将来。如：

       When you are passing my way, please drop in. 你什么时候路过我家，请进来坐。(用于时间状语从句)

       If they are not doing it, what am I to do? 假如他们不干，那我该怎么办呢?(用于条件状语从句)

       She’s going to the dentist tomorrow because she’s having a tooth filled. 她明天要去看牙医，因为她要补牙。

       表将来的现在进行时也可用在间接引语中，表示说话人相信它将是事实。如：

       He said he is going tomorrow. 他说他明天走。

       表将来的现在进行时有时从属于将来时态。如：

       On election night we’ll be telling you what’s happening in various places in this country. 到了选举的夜晚，我们将把全国各地的情况告诉大家。(is happening从属于将来进行时will be telling)

       When I have the time, I’ll come down to the school to see how you’re both doing. 我有空时，会来学校看你们俩的学习情况的。(are doing从属于will come down)

       有时现在进行时并不表具体时间，而是泛指一切时间。这种现在进行时比较生动，也比较口语化。如：

       Whenever I see him, he’s reading. 我无论什么时候看到他，他都在读书。

       Let a person go away with small acts of dishonesty, and soon he is committing greater ones. 放过一个人的小的欺骗行为，他不久就会进行大的欺骗勾当。

       When children are doing nothing, they are doing mischief. 孩子闲着无事时就会淘气。(这里主句与从句皆用进行时态为了强调)

       表客观事实的句子用现在进行时也是为了生动，往往和表经常的副词连用。如：

       The river is constantly flowing in to the sea. 此河不断流入大海。

       The earth is a ball that is always turning round. 地球是一个不停地旋转的球体。

       及物动词 vt.

       1.设计;构思:绘制

       Architects design buildings.

       建筑师设计房屋。

       2.打算将...用作[H][O2]

       The experiment is designed to test the new drug.

       实验的目的是试验新药。

       3.计划;谋划

       不及物动词 vi.

       1.设计,画图样;当设计师

       He designs for our dress department.

       他在我们的服装部当设计师。

       2.计划,谋划

       名词 n.

       1.图样,图纸[C][U]

       2.设计术;制图术[U]

       She attended a school of dress design.

       她就读于一所服装设计学校。

       3.图案;花纹[C]

       I like the design of that rug.

       我喜欢那地毯的图案。

       4.意图;计划;目的[C]

       The design was to build a new library.

       计划是建造一个新图书馆。

       5.设计,构思[C][U]

       6.图谋[P][(+on/upon)]

       The greedy man had designs on her fortune.

       那个贪婪的人企图得到她的

       今天的讨论已经涵盖了“theon design”的各个方面。我希望您能够从中获得所需的信息，并利用这些知识在将来的学习和生活中取得更好的成果。如果您有任何问题或需要进一步的讨论，请随时告诉我。